1) To represent an action that just ends.
e.g. * उसने अभी-अभी अपना काम पूरा किया है।
- He has just finished his work.
* वे बाजार गए हैं।
- They have gone to market.
2) To talk about an action in the past that continued into the present.
Note- Generally, these types of sentences are used in a present perfect continuous tense but we can also use them in the present perfect tense.
e.g. * हम दस साल से एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
- We have known each other for ten years.
* मैं 2001 से इस शहर में रहता हूँ।
- I have lived in this town since 2001.
3) To represent an action that has completed in the past but its effects are feeling in the present.
e.g. * मैंने अपनी अंगुली काट ली है।
- I have cut my finger.
* प्लेटफार्म पर पैसेंजर ट्रेन आ गई है।
- The passenger train has arrived on the platform.
4) Some words are widely used in the present perfect tense. These are ever, never, always, often, several times, already, yet, just, lately, recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, etc.
e.g. * वे अभी आए हैं।
- They have just come.
* उसने कभी यह काम नहीं किया है।
- He has never done this work.
5) Past time expressing words don't use in the present perfect tense such as yesterday, ago, last night, a short while ago, etc.
e.g. * मैंने कल राधा को देखा है।
- I have seen Radha yesterday. ❌
* मैंने कल राधा को देखा है।
- I saw Radha yesterday. ✔️
* वह दो घंटे से बाजार गया है।
- He has gone to market for two hours.
* वह दो घंटे से बाजार गया है।
- He went to the market for two hours.
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